10th International Conference on
Berlin, Germany
Clinical Neurology represents a specialized field within neuroscience that delves into the systematic examination of the fundamental mechanisms underlying primary diseases and the overall state of the brain and central nervous system (CNS). Its primary objective is to pioneer inventive approaches for visualizing and identifying these diseases, culminating in the creation of novel treatments.
Translational Neurology is a specialized field that harnesses the findings of neuroscience research to advance and transform into clinical applications and pioneering therapies for disorders of the nervous system. This discipline encompasses diverse areas such as deep brain stimulation, neurorehabilitation, brain-machine interfaces, and the development of devices for the sensory nervous system, including auditory implants, retinal implants, and electronic skins.
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Alzheimer's disease is a slowly getting worse illness that affects memory and other important thinking abilities. The links between brain cells start to break down, and the cells themselves begin to die, which causes memory loss and other key mental skills to disappear. It is the most common reason for dementia in older people.
Dementia is a group of cognitive and behavioral symptoms that hinder daily activities. These conditions are marked by the decline of at least two brain functions, such as memory and judgment. Typical signs include forgetfulness, poor social skills, and reduced thinking abilities that greatly affect everyday life.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder that impacts the nervous system and the bodily functions regulated by nerves. Symptoms usually develop slowly, often beginning with a subtle tremor in one hand. Although tremors are a common symptom, the condition may also cause stiffness or a decrease in movement.
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)
Vascular Dementia
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Pediatric neurology is a specialized branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders in newborns, infants, children, and adolescents. It addresses a broad spectrum of conditions that affect different parts of the nervous system, such as the spinal cord, brain, peripheral nerves, and the autonomic nervous system..
Epilepsy is a brain condition that causes unusual activity in the brain, which can lead to seizures or strange movements, feelings, and sometimes a loss of knowing what's happening. It can happen to anyone, regardless of age or gender.Autism spectrum disorders
Child Development
Intellectual disability
Premature Birth
Tourette Syndrome (TS)
Childhood epilepsy
Genetic diseases of the nervous system
Hydrocephalus
Cerebral palsy (CP)
Brain and nervous system problems
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Molecular Neuroscience is a part of neuroscience that looks at how the nervous system works by using tools like molecular biology, protein chemistry, molecular genetics, and other related techniques.
Neurodegeneration is a term that combines "neuro," which refers to nerves, and "degeneration," which means the slow breakdown. It is used to describe different diseases that cause nerves to slowly lose their structure and function over time.
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The concept of the birth of new neural cells, known as neurogenesis, was initially thought to be confined to the developing nervous system. It was widely accepted that a stable neuronal population in the adult brain was essential to maintain the functional stability of adult brain circuitry. However, recent studies have demonstrated that neurogenesis indeed persists throughout adult life in various regions of the central nervous system (CNS) in all mammals, including humans.
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Neuroimmunology is a field that brings together neuroscience, which looks at the nervous system, and immunology, which studies the immune system. People who work in this field want to better understand how these two systems interact during growth, when the body is stable, and when there's an injury or disease.
Neurological infections encompass a diverse range of conditions that invade and impact the nervous system. Despite progress in treatment and the advent of early detection methods, many of these conditions can lead to severe, persistent, and even life-threatening issues for those afflicted. Among the most prevalent neurological infections are encephalitis, characterized by inflammation of the brain caused by either bacteria or infection, and meningitis, marked by inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, also attributable to either bacterial or viral sources.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when an unexpected trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result from the head experiencing a sudden and forceful impact with an object or when an object penetrates the skull and enters the brain tissue. The symptoms of TBI vary from mild to severe, depending on the extent of the brain damage. Individuals with mild TBI may remain conscious or experience a brief loss of consciousness lasting several seconds or minutes. TBI is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, maintaining its status as a primary cause of death and disability among adolescents in developed countries.
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Genetics studies how variations in the cell or organism occur due to DNA sequences, whereas epigenetics focuses on the regulation of DNA that leads to these changes. Neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Prion disease, and others are significantly influenced by environmental factors, impacting alterations in the epigenome. The investigations related to epigenetics in neurons are referred to as neuroepigenetics.
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Computational neuroscience is a part of neuroscience that uses complex models, computer simulations, theory, and simplified versions of the brain to understand how the nervous system develops, is built, works, and enables thinking.
In Neuroinformatics, the main goal is to study how the brain handles information. A key question is why the brain is so healthy and able to change and adapt, unlike regular computers. These discoveries are important for making better technology in the future.
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The term "traumatic injuries of the central nervous system" (CNS) encompasses both traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and spinal cord injuries (SCI). Both types of injuries play a significant role in morbidity and mortality rates in both developed and developing countries. Traumatic brain injuries often occur due to severe sports injuries or auto accidents. Immediate or delayed symptoms may include confusion, blurred vision, and difficulty concentrating. In infants, persistent crying or irritability may be observed. Treatment may involve a combination of rest, medication, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.
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A brain tumor, also referred to as an intracranial tumor, is an abnormal mass of tissue where cells proliferate and multiply uncontrollably, potentially evading the regulatory mechanisms typical of normal cells. There are two main categories of brain tumors: primary and metastatic.
Primary brain tumors originate from the tissues of the brain or its immediate surroundings. These primary tumors are classified as either glial (composed of glial cells) or non-glial, and they can be benign or malignant.
On the other hand, metastatic brain tumors develop elsewhere in the body (such as in the bones or lungs) and migrate to the brain, typically through the bloodstream. Metastatic tumors are considered cancerous and are malignant. Various types of metastatic brain tumors exist, each with its distinctive characteristics.
Intracranial Metastasis
Skull Metastasis
Spinal Metastasis
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Neuro-ophthalmology is a specialized area that combines knowledge from neurology and ophthalmology. It deals with complex health issues that affect the visual system. Doctors who specialize in this field usually train first in either neurology or ophthalmology and then get extra training in the other area. Because the way these conditions show up can be different in each person, it's important for neuro-ophthalmologists to take a detailed medical history and do a thorough physical exam. These specialists often spend a lot of time talking to and carefully examining their patients.
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Neuromuscular disorders impact the functioning of muscles, arising from issues with nerves and muscles in the body. The primary and often recognizable symptom of these disorders is muscle weakness. Neurons play a crucial role in transmitting electrical signals to and from the body, facilitating the control of voluntary muscles. When neurons become compromised or cease to function, the communication between the nervous system and muscles breaks down. Mayo Clinic neurologists conduct thorough assessments of these diseases, employing electrodiagnostic studies and other relevant tests. Conditions and symptoms associated with neuromuscular diseases include...
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
Myopathies
Muscular Dystrophies
Peripheral Neuropathies
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) Disease
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Maintaining adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism is crucial to ensure proper brain perfusion, providing the brain with essential oxygen and energy substrates. Adequate brain perfusion is essential for sustaining normal brain function, facilitating successful aging, and navigating both acute and chronic medical conditions. This review explores the fundamental principles of CBF measurements and current techniques for assessing CBF. These methods include direct intravascular measures, nuclear medicine, X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound techniques, thermal diffusivity, and optical approaches.
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Neurochemistry studies the chemicals, like neurotransmitters and other substances such as psychopharmaceuticals and neuropeptides, that control and affect how the nervous system works.
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Artificial intelligence is increasingly proving to be a valuable tool in the realm of neuroscience, contributing to our comprehension of how the human brain functions and propelling advancements in neuroscience. Throughout the history of artificial intelligence, neuroscience has played a pivotal role, serving as a blueprint for developing human-like AI. Neuroscience provides inspiration for enhancing AI systems in two primary ways: by creating neural networks that mimic brain structure and by emulating human intelligence. The continual improvement of processors and the escalating availability of extensive training data have significantly contributed to the success of AI. The progress in artificial intelligence stands poised to further the development of neuroscience, aiding in unraveling the intricacies of the human brain. This synergy enables neuroscientists and researchers to construct more precise models of the human brain.
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Geriatric psychiatry, also known as geropsychiatry, is a specialized area of medicine and a subspecialty within psychiatry that focuses on the assessment, prevention, and treatment of neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive impairments, and psychological disorders in older adults. This field of geriatric psychiatry presents unique challenges in caring for the elderly population, requiring an understanding of the complexities involved in their healthcare
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Neurological disorders are health problems that affect the brain, the nerves in the body, and the spinal cord. Issues like changes in the structure, chemicals, or electrical signals of these parts can cause different symptoms.
Stroke stands as a significant contributor to global disability, yet its neurological impact has historically been underestimated, primarily because the World Health Organization (WHO) categorized it differently. However, with the latest update to the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), stroke has been rightfully reclassified as a neurological disorder. Vascular neurology specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of strokes and factors that contribute to stroke risk. Seeking the expertise of a vascular neurologist is crucial during or after a stroke, or if you are at risk of experiencing one.
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Cognitive neuroscience is a scientific discipline dedicated to investigating the inherent processes and elements that underpin cognition, placing particular emphasis on the neural connections within the brain engaged in internal processes. It delves into the inquiries surrounding how neural circuits in the brain influence or regulate cognitive functions. Positioned at the intersection of neuroscience and psychology, cognitive neuroscience intersects with disciplines such as behavioral neuroscience, cognitive psychology, physiological psychology, and affective neuroscience. This field relies on concepts from cognitive science, supported by evidence from neurobiology and computational modeling.
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Molecular psychology explores the relationship between behavior and the brain's physical structures. At its core, both molecular psychology and molecular psychiatry examine how biology, genetics, and the brain's physical makeup structures our behaviors.
Originating from behavioral genetics, molecular psychology initially focused on studying behavior in insects and animals before shifting its focus to humans.This field uses behavioral genetics to identify hereditary factors that contribute to various behavioral patterns. Research in this area has revealed how genetic factors influence psychological conditions and disorders.
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An interdisciplinary field within behavioral neuroscience, this branch is also referred to as natural psychology, biopsychology, psychobiology, or neuroethology. Researchers in this domain investigate how the central nervous system transforms biologically relevant stimuli into innate behavior. Specializations within this field explore the ways in which the mechanisms of neurobiology regulate behavior, including aspects such as learning and memory.
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Molecular brain research is a rapidly advancing area of study that employs integrative approaches across genetic, molecular, cellular, and synaptic levels to provide vital insights into both the normal and pathological aspects of the brain. These investigations utilize a diverse array of cutting-edge techniques in molecular biology, genomics, proteomics, imaging, and electrophysiology
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A mental health problem where a person feels very nervous, anxious, or scared in a way that makes it hard to do everyday things. Examples of this type of problem include panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. People with these issues may feel unusually stressed about things that don’t really matter, find it hard to calm down, and feel constantly restless. Treatment often includes talking to a therapist and taking medicine like antidepressants.
Sleep disorders are problems that affect how well a person sleeps, when they sleep, and how long they sleep. These issues can cause problems during the day, like feeling tired or not being able to work properly. Sleep disorders often happen at the same time as other health problems or mental health issues like depression, anxiety, or trouble thinking clearly. The most common type is insomnia. Other types include sleep apnea, which is when a person stops breathing during sleep, strange behaviors during sleep, sudden sleep attacks, and restless legs.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Specific phobias
Panic disorder
Clinical Depression
Anxiety Disorder
Attention deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Schizophrenia
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Central Nervous System Hypersomnia
Central Sleep Apnea
Circadian Rhythm Disorders
Fatal Familial Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Parasomnias
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Neuropsychology is a part of psychology that looks at how the brain and nervous system affect a person's thinking and behavior. People who work in this field study how problems or injuries in the brain can change how someone thinks and acts.
Addiction, identified as a neuropsychological disorder, is marked by a persistent and intense compulsion to engage in specific activities, often involving the use of a substance, despite significant harm and adverse consequences. Repetitive drug use consistently alters brain function, reinforcing cravings, and undermining self-control.
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This medical field is dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with injuries, disorders, or conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, spinal column, and peripheral nerves throughout the entire body. Neurosurgical care within this realm encompasses both adult and pediatric patients.
Brain Tumor Center
Skull Base Surgery
Cranial Nerve Disorders
Functional and Restorative Neurosurgery
Neurovascular Surgery
Neurotrauma
Pediatric Neurosurgery
Peripheral Nerve Disorders
Neuroendocrine Disease and Pituitary disorders
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The exploration of the nervous system and the functioning of the brain falls under the domain of Neurobiology. This field delves into the functions of the nervous system, brain function, and associated structures such as the spinal cord. Neurobiology is an amalgamation of both physiology and neuroscience.
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Neurogenetics investigates the role of genetics in the development and functioning of the nervous system. This area considers neural traits as phenotypes and is based on the observation that the nervous systems of individuals, even of the same species, can show variations
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Brain mapping includes all types of neuroimaging. It is like an improved version of neuroimaging that creates better brain images by using recent data processing or analysis, whether from imaging techniques or other non-imaging methods. These images show how behaviors are connected to certain parts of the brain, similar to a map that shows measurements on a brain's areas.
Neuroimaging can be broken down into two main groups:
Structural imaging is used to look at the structure of the nervous system and to find big problems inside the brain, like injuries or disorders.
Functional imaging helps find smaller issues, such as metabolic diseases and specific brain damage, especially in conditions like Alzheimer’s.It is also important for studying the brain in psychology and neuroscience, and for creating brain-computer interfaces.
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Brain pathology refers to any disorder, disease, or pathological condition that affects the brain, such as tumors, strokes, or traumatic injuries. A brain tumor can develop from brain cells or originate elsewhere and spread to the brain. As the tumor grows, it exerts pressure on surrounding tissues and alters their function, leading to symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and balance issues.
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Brain imaging involves the examination of the structure or activity of the brain throughout the entire cranium using noninvasive computerized methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. It also includes nuclear imaging.
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Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that aims to elucidate human decision-making, encompassing the ability to assess various options and execute a course of action. It delves into how economic behaviors can inform our comprehension of the brain and how neuroscientific insights can inform economic models.
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